Market Research

• Study Chad’s political and economic conditions through resources like the World Bank and IMF reports
• Consult your country’s foreign affairs department for current travel and investment advisories
• Research security conditions in potential investment areas
• Identify target cities based on investment goals and risk tolerance
• Connect with other expatriate investors through chambers of commerce
• Subscribe to regional business publications covering Central Africa
• Join online forums focused on African frontier markets
• Plan an exploratory visit to assess conditions firsthand

Financial Preparation

• Establish your total investment budget including significant contingency reserves
• Research historical XAF/USD or XAF/CAD exchange rates (Central African CFA franc is pegged to the Euro)
• Investigate currency transfer options to Chad (limited banking channels)
• Explore regional banking options in France or neighboring African countries
• Prepare for cash-intensive transactions where necessary
• Calculate tax implications in both Chad and your home country
• Consider establishing a Chadian business entity for financial operations
• Budget for frequent in-person visits for oversight and management

Professional Network Development

• Identify and engage a reputable local attorney specializing in real estate
• Connect with a Chad-based accountant familiar with foreign investment
• Establish contacts with international property agencies operating in N’Djamena
• Develop relationships with trusted translators (French is the business language)
• Connect with your country’s embassy or consulate in Chad
• Identify potential local business partners with property experience
• Network with international organizations and NGOs with established presence
• Research property management companies serving expatriate clients

Expert Tip: Consider visiting during both dry season (November-April) and rainy season (May-October) to understand how weather affects property conditions, access, and infrastructure functionality. Many properties that appear viable during dry months may face significant challenges during rainy season, particularly regarding drainage, access roads, and power supply reliability.

Recent Regulatory Change: As of late 2023, Chad has implemented revisions to its investment code designed to streamline business formation for foreign investors. These changes include a simplified registration process through the Agency for Investment Promotion and Exports (ANIE) and enhanced investor protections. While implementation remains uneven, investors establishing a new SARL should actively engage with ANIE to benefit from potential fast-track procedures and investment incentives.

Banking Setup

• Local Banking Options:
  • Société Générale Tchad: French bank with international connections
  • Ecobank Tchad: Pan-African bank with presence in 33 African countries
  • Commercial Bank Tchad: Local bank with limited international services
  • Orabank Tchad: Regional West African bank with growing presence
• Account Opening Requirements:
  • Passport and visa documentation
  • Proof of address (both local and foreign)
  • Introduction letter from home bank
  • Business registration documents (for corporate accounts)
  • Initial deposit (typically $1,000-5,000 equivalent)
  • Tax identification number
  • In-person presence during application
• Banking Limitations:
  • Limited online banking capabilities
  • Restricted international transfer options
  • High fees for international transactions (3-7%)
  • Limited ATM infrastructure outside major cities
  • Branch-dependent services requiring physical presence
  • Language barriers (French is the primary banking language)
• Alternative Approaches:
  • Banking through regional hubs (Cameroon or Senegal)
  • Utilizing French banking connections (Chad uses CFA Franc)
  • International payment services for specific transactions
  • Cash management services through security companies

Financing Options

Financing for property in Chad is extremely limited:

1. Local Bank Mortgages:
   • Availability: Very restricted, primarily for local businesses
   • Interest Rates: 12-18% annually for the limited options available
   • Down Payment: 40-60% typically required
   • Terms: Short (5-10 years) compared to North American standards
   • Requirements: Local business presence, extensive collateral
2. Developer Financing:
   • Occasionally available for new developments in N’Djamena
   • Typically requires 50%+ upfront payment
   • Short-term (2-5 years) repayment schedules
   • Limited to specific projects with international backing
3. Seller Financing:
   • Sometimes possible with established property owners
   • Requires strong legal documentation
   • Often at premium rates (15-20% annually)
   • Usually short-term (1-3 years)
4. Home Country Financing:
   • Securing loans against North American assets
   • Using investment lines of credit
   • Investment portfolio collateralization
   • Often the most practical approach for foreign investors

Most foreign investors in Chad utilize cash purchases, occasionally supplemented with very limited seller financing for premium properties. The underdeveloped mortgage market means that creative financing solutions are necessary, with most relying on capital from outside Chad.

Currency Management

The Central African CFA Franc (XAF) requires careful currency management:

• Currency Considerations:
  • XAF is pegged to the Euro (1 EUR = 655.957 XAF fixed rate)
  • Euro/USD or Euro/CAD fluctuations directly impact investment returns
  • Limited currency hedging options available for XAF
  • Cash economy requires physical currency management
• Fund Transfer Options:
  • Wire transfers through international banks (slow, expensive)
  • Specialized currency services with limited Chad presence
  • Regional banking hubs in Cameroon or Senegal as intermediaries
  • Currency exchange services in N’Djamena (for smaller amounts)
• Cash Handling:
  • Secure storage arrangements for larger cash amounts
  • Private security services for significant transactions
  • Phased payments to minimize cash handling requirements
  • Documentation of all cash transactions for regulatory compliance
• Repatriation Considerations:
  • CEMAC (Central African Economic and Monetary Community) regulations on currency exports
  • Documentation requirements for significant fund transfers
  • Tax clearance certificates needed for major repatriations
  • Planning for potential delays in outbound transfers

While Chad formally allows the free movement of capital for foreign investors, practical limitations mean that currency management requires significant planning. Many investors maintain accounts in multiple currencies, typically including Euros given the XAF peg, to manage conversion timing strategically.

Property Search Resources

• Real Estate Agencies:
  • Limited formal agencies concentrated in N’Djamena
  • Agence Immobilière du Tchad (local leader in commercial properties)
  • International agencies with occasional Chad listings (Century 21, RE/MAX)
  • Embassy and international organization housing offices
• Online Resources:
  • Expat.com Chad property listings
  • Jumia House occasional Chad listings
  • Facebook groups for Chad expatriates
  • Limited and often outdated online listings
• Local Networks:
  • Business associations and chambers of commerce
  • Expatriate community connections
  • International school community bulletin boards
  • Hotel business centers in N’Djamena
• Direct Approaches:
  • Local fixers specialized in property identification
  • Neighborhood exploration with local guide
  • Approaching property owners directly
  • Engaging with local construction companies

Unlike developed markets, Chad lacks comprehensive property listing services. Most quality properties change hands through personal networks rather than formal marketing channels. Building relationships with local contacts is essential for accessing the best opportunities.

Property Viewing Trip Planning

For North American investors, an efficiently planned property viewing trip is essential:

1. Pre-Trip Preparation:
   • Secure proper business visa (allow 3-4 weeks processing)
   • Arrange reliable transportation and driver in advance
   • Schedule appointments with property contacts
   • Book secure accommodation in central N’Djamena
   • Arrange a translator if your French is limited
   • Pre-identify neighborhoods of interest
   • Schedule meetings with legal and banking contacts
2. Trip Logistics:
   • Plan for 7-14 days minimum for effective property search
   • Allow extra days for bureaucratic delays
   • Avoid travel during major holidays and Ramadan
   • Consider security circumstances for travel between regions
   • Account for limited transportation infrastructure
   • Schedule meetings in morning hours when possible
3. During Viewings:
   • Document everything with photos and videos
   • Test utilities during visit (water, electric, internet)
   • Inquire about neighborhood security conditions
   • Note infrastructure quality (roads, drainage)
   • Verify actual vs. claimed property dimensions
   • Inquire about neighborhood security conditions
   • Note infrastructure quality (roads, drainage)
   • Verify actual vs. claimed property dimensions
   • Speak with neighbors when possible
   • Visit during different times of day
4. Local Assistance:
   • Engage a trusted local contact for viewing assistance
   • Consider hiring a property assessment consultant
   • Arrange for legal representative to accompany on serious prospects
   • Use embassy resources if available for your nationality
   • Consider security presence for high-value property viewings

Property Evaluation Criteria

Assess potential investments using these Chad-specific criteria:

• Title Security:
  • Clear title documentation with verifiable history
  • Absence of competing customary claims
  • Registration in the formal land registry system
  • Clear boundary demarcation and survey documentation
  • Verification with multiple government offices
• Location Factors:
  • Proximity to diplomatic zones or guarded communities
  • Access to reliable water and electrical infrastructure
  • Flood risk assessment (critical in rainy season)
  • Road access quality throughout the year
  • Distance from government and commercial centers
  • Security profile of the neighborhood
• Building Quality:
  • Construction standards suitable for climate extremes
  • Quality of electrical systems and backup generators
  • Water storage capacity and filtration systems
  • Security features (walls, gates, guard facilities)
  • Internet connectivity options and reliability
  • Presence of climate control systems (crucial in Chad)
• Tenant Potential:
  • Suitability for expatriate community needs
  • Potential for diplomatic or NGO tenants
  • Adaptability to international corporate standards
  • Competitive features compared to other properties
  • Historical occupancy rates if available
  • Proximity to international schools and amenities

Expert Tip: In Chad, properties with reliable power supply command significant premium rental values. Properties equipped with robust generator systems (minimum 20KVA for residential, 60KVA+ for commercial), solar installations, and water purification capabilities can often achieve 30-40% higher rental rates compared to similar properties without these features. These infrastructure investments typically yield the fastest ROI in the Chadian market, especially for properties targeting expatriate tenants.

Legal Due Diligence

• ✓
  Title Verification: Comprehensive search at the Conservation Foncière (Land Registry)
• ✓
  Ownership History: Trace full chain of ownership for at least 15 years
• ✓
  Encumbrance Search: Verify absence of liens, mortgages, and claims
• ✓
  Tax Verification: Confirm property tax payment status with multiple offices
• ✓
  Local Authority Confirmation: Verify status with neighborhood chief and municipality
• ✓
  Boundary Verification: Physical survey matching documentation
• ✓
  Building Permits: Verification of all construction authorizations
• ✓
  Customary Rights Assessment: Investigate any traditional claims to the land

Physical Due Diligence

• ✓
  Structural Assessment: Engage engineer for comprehensive structural review
• ✓
  Electrical Systems: Test capacity, grounding, and stability under load
• ✓
  Water Systems: Verify source, storage, pressure, and quality
• ✓
  Flooding History: Research historical flooding and test drainage during rainy season
• ✓
  Generator Systems: Test capacity, fuel supply, and automatic transfer switches
• ✓
  Security Features: Assess walls, gates, surveillance, and guard accommodations
• ✓
  Climate Controls: Test air conditioning systems under peak conditions
• ✓
  Internet Connectivity: Test actual speeds and reliability with multiple providers

Financial & Market Due Diligence

• ✓
  Valuation Verification: Compare with similar recent transactions where available
• ✓
  Rental Market Assessment: Survey actual rents achieved for comparable properties
• ✓
  Tenant Demographics: Identify potential tenant pools and their requirements
• ✓
  Operating Cost Analysis: Research actual costs for security, utilities, and maintenance
• ✓
  Infrastructure Development: Research planned projects affecting property value
• ✓
  Security Assessment: Evaluate neighborhood security trends and incidents
• ✓
  Management Options: Identify potential property managers and their track records
• ✓
  Future Liquidity: Assess potential exit strategies and historic time-on-market

Expert Tip: In Chad, verification with local traditional authorities is as important as official documentation review. Even properties with seemingly perfect formal documentation can face challenges if local customary claims exist. Best practice involves meeting with the local neighborhood chief (chef de quartier) and obtaining written acknowledgment of the property transaction. While not legally required, this traditional step can prevent significant conflicts later and is usually arranged through a local intermediary familiar with local protocols and appropriate formal or informal compensation.

Offer and Negotiation

1. Initial Offer: Typically verbal through intermediary, often 20-30% below asking price
2. Negotiation Phase: Multi-stage with both price and terms being negotiable
3. Preliminary Agreement: Written but non-binding memorandum of understanding
4. Deposit: Small good-faith deposit (typically 5-10%) to demonstrate seriousness

Negotiation in Chad is expected to be extensive, with final prices often 10-20% below initial asking. The process is relationship-driven, with successful negotiations requiring patience and cultural sensitivity. Direct confrontational negotiation tactics common in North America are typically counterproductive in Chad.

Documentation and Verification

1. Title Documentation Review:
   • Verification of land title certificate (Titre Foncier)
   • Review of all historical transfers and documeration
   • Verification with multiple government offices
   • Cross-checking ownership details with local authorities
2. Legal Document Preparation:
   • Draft purchase agreement prepared by notary (acte de vente)
   • Preparation of required tax declarations
   • Authorization documentation for foreigners
   • Corporate documentation if using company structure
3. Final Verification:
   • Updated encumbrance search prior to closing
   • Verification of seller’s legal capacity
   • Confirmation of property tax status
   • Final survey verification where applicable

Documentation processes in Chad can be lengthy and unpredictable. Budget 2-3 months for the full verification and documentation process, with additional time needed if irregularities are discovered. Working with a specialized notary familiar with foreign transactions is strongly recommended.

Closing Process

1. Notarized Deed Execution:
   • Formal signing ceremony with notary (notaire)
   • Physical presence of buyer and seller typically required
   • Witness requirements for the transaction
   • Immediate partial payment usually expected
2. Tax Payment:
   • Registration tax (7-10% of declared value)
   • Stamp duties and notary fees (3-5%)
   • Payment at government treasury office
   • Receipt collection for documentation
3. Registration Process:
   • Filing of deed with Land Registry
   • Issuance of new title certificate
   • Publication of transfer notice
   • Documentation with local authorities
4. Final Property Transfer:
   • Physical handover of the property
   • Utility transfer documentation
   • Key exchange and security protocols
   • Final payment typically at this stage

The closing process typically takes 4-8 weeks from signed agreement to final registration. Personal presence is strongly advised for foreign buyers during key stages, though limited power of attorney arrangements are possible. Expect significant in-person time requirements at government offices to facilitate the process.

Transaction Costs

Budget for these typical transaction expenses:

• Registration Tax: 7-10% of property value (primary government charge)
• Notary Fees: 2-4% on sliding scale (higher percentage for lower value properties)
• Stamp Duties: 1-2% of transaction value
• Land Registry Fees: 0.5-1% for title transfer
• Legal Fees: 1-3% for attorney representation (higher for foreigners)
• Agent/Broker Fees: 3-5% if using formal agent
• Intermediary Fees: 2-5% for facilitators and local connections
• Currency Exchange Costs: 2-5% depending on method and amount
• Survey/Technical Reports: $500-2,000 fixed costs

Total transaction costs typically range from 15-25% of the purchase price, significantly higher than in North American markets. Additional “facilitation payments” are common in practice though not formally recognized. Transparency in budgeting for all costs is essential for accurate financial planning.

Expert Tip: In Chadian property transactions, the payment structure is often as important as the price. Most local sellers prefer phased payments with significant portions in cash, which can create logistical and security challenges for foreign buyers. Consider negotiating a payment structure using a notary’s escrow account (though limited in capability) or arranging for secure transfer methods through banking channels where possible. When cash payments are unavoidable, professional security services are essential for transporting significant amounts. The additional costs of secure payment handling should be factored into your overall transaction budget.

Administrative Tasks

• ✓
  Property Tax Registration: Register with local tax authority (Commune) as new owner
• ✓
  Utility Transfers: Establish new accounts for electricity (SNE) and water (STE)
• ✓
  Local Authority Registration: Register with neighborhood administration (chef de quartier)
• ✓
  Security Arrangements: Establish guard service or security protocols
• ✓
  Property Insurance: Obtain coverage (limited options available)
• ✓
  Generator Maintenance: Establish service contracts for power systems
• ✓
  Foreign Investment Declaration: File with ANIE (Investment Promotion Agency) if applicable

Property Management Setup

Effective management is crucial for foreign-owned properties in Chad:

• Management Options:
  • Professional property management (limited availability)
  • Dedicated local caretaker with oversight
  • Diplomatic/NGO housing office management
  • Corporate management through local office
• Staff Considerations:
  • Security guards (typically 24-hour for valuable properties)
  • Property maintenance personnel
  • Generator and systems technician
  • Administrative coordinator for local interactions
• Management Tasks:
  • Tenant identification and screening
  • Lease negotiation and documentation
  • Rent collection and financial management
  • Maintenance coordination and quality control
  • Security oversight and incident management
  • Utility management and payment
  • Tax and regulatory compliance
• Reporting Systems:
  • Regular financial reporting structure
  • Maintenance and incident documentation
  • Tenant communication protocols
  • Remote owner approval systems for expenditures

Most successful foreign investors implement a tiered management approach, combining local daily management with periodic oversight by the investor or trusted representative. Given limited formal property management services, creating a custom management structure is often necessary.

Ongoing Maintenance Considerations

Chad’s climate and infrastructure create unique maintenance requirements:

• Climate-Related Maintenance:
  • Dust mitigation systems during Harmattan winds (December-February)
  • Flood prevention maintenance before rainy season (May-October)
  • Heat management systems for extreme temperatures (March-May)
  • Insect and pest control protocols (ongoing)
• Infrastructure Support:
  • Generator maintenance and fuel management
  • Water storage cleaning and maintenance
  • Water filtration system servicing
  • Backup systems testing and servicing
• Security Maintenance:
  • Perimeter wall and gate maintenance
  • Security lighting and camera systems
  • Security staff management and training
  • Emergency protocols and equipment
• General Property Upkeep:
  • Structural integrity inspections after rainy season
  • Paint and exterior finishes (degraded by harsh conditions)
  • Plumbing system maintenance (critical given water quality)
  • Air conditioning and climate control systems

Budget between 5-8% of property value annually for maintenance in Chad, significantly higher than the 1-2% typical in North American markets. Preventative maintenance is especially important given limited availability of emergency repair services.

Expert Tip: Establishing a detailed property maintenance calendar specific to Chad’s seasonal challenges is essential. Many foreign investors create a dual-calendar system: one for daily/weekly maintenance handled by local staff, and a second for quarterly visits by technical specialists from neighboring countries with more developed service sectors. Cameroon, in particular, has more advanced property maintenance companies that periodically service high-value properties in N’Djamena, and establishing relationships with these regional service providers can significantly improve property condition and value retention.

Chadian Tax Obligations

• Property Transfer Tax:
  • 7-10% of property value at purchase
  • Payable before registration of deed
  • Based on declared transaction value (subject to verification)
  • Due at Treasury office with documentation from notary
• Annual Property Tax:
  • Approximately 0.6-1.2% of assessed property value
  • Administered by local commune/municipality
  • Payable annually with limited enforcement historically
  • More stringently collected in N’Djamena than regional areas
• Rental Income Tax:
  • Progressive rates from 20-45% for individuals
  • Flat 30% corporate tax rate for companies
  • Limited deductions available for expenses
  • Quarterly advance payments may be required
  • 15-20% withholding commonly applied to non-resident landlords
• Capital Gains Tax:
  • 25% on real estate capital gains
  • Limited inflation adjustment mechanisms
  • Some exemptions for long-term holdings (5+ years)
  • Variable enforcement for international transactions
• Value Added Tax (VAT):
  • 18% on commercial property services
  • Applicable to management and maintenance services
  • Complex recovery mechanisms for business properties
• Stamp Duties:
  • Various rates for different transaction documents
  • Typically 1-2% on property transactions
  • Additional fixed fees for certain documents

Home Country Tax Obligations

Unlike more developed markets, Chad has limited tax treaties. There is no formal tax treaty between Chad and the United States or Canada, potentially creating double taxation issues without comprehensive relief mechanisms. Specialized international tax advice is essential for optimizing the tax position across jurisdictions.

Tax Planning Strategies

• Corporate Structure Utilization: Chadian SARL or offshore entity where appropriate
• Expense Documentation: Maintain meticulous records of all property-related expenses
• Strategic Income Timing: Coordinate income recognition between tax jurisdictions
• Reinvestment Planning: Structured reinvestment of proceeds within Chad
• Management Fee Structuring: Appropriate fee structures for services
• Depreciation Optimization: Strategic asset categorization for allowable depreciation
• Development vs. Rental Structuring: Different tax treatment for development activities
• Exit Planning: Strategic timing of property disposals across tax years

The Chadian tax environment is characterized by formal provisions that may differ from practical application. Working with both Chadian tax specialists and international advisors familiar with frontier markets is necessary to navigate the complexity while ensuring compliance with both Chadian and home country regulations, particularly anti-corruption requirements.

Expert Tip: Consider establishing a separate accounting system specifically for your Chadian property investments, incorporating both formal and practical financial realities. While corporate structures can provide tax advantages, they create additional compliance requirements that must be balanced against benefits. Maintaining an international accounting firm with presence in both Chad and your home country provides valuable dual-jurisdiction perspective, particularly for navigating the interaction between formal tax rules and practical implementation in Chad’s evolving tax environment.

Management Service Evaluation

Evaluate potential property management options using these criteria:

• Local Knowledge:
  • Familiarity with neighborhood dynamics and authorities
  • Understanding of local service provider landscape
  • Connections with maintenance specialists
  • Knowledge of tenant market segments
• Communication Capabilities:
  • Language skills (French, English, and local languages)
  • International communication tools and availability
  • Reporting frequency and quality
  • Transparency in financial reporting
• Professional Network:
  • Connections with potential international tenants
  • Relationships with maintenance providers
  • Security service connections
  • Access to legal and administrative resources
• Cultural Competence:
  • Understanding of both Chadian and international expectations
  • Ability to bridge cultural differences
  • Professional approaches to conflict resolution
  • Ethical business practices

Management Agreement Essentials

When establishing a management relationship in Chad, ensure these elements are addressed:

• Clearly Defined Services: Explicit list of included and excluded services
• Financial Authorities: Spending limits and approval requirements
• Reporting Requirements: Format, frequency, and content specifications
• Performance Metrics: Occupancy targets, maintenance standards, response times
• Fee Structure: Base fees, incentives, expense handling, currency denomination
• Term and Termination: Agreement duration, notice periods, termination conditions
• Emergency Protocols: Decision-making authority in urgent situations
• Staff Management: Responsibility for security and maintenance personnel
• Dispute Resolution: Clear process for addressing disagreements
• Compliance Requirements: Tax reporting, regulatory filings, legal standards

Management agreements should be in both French and English where possible, with the French version typically being legally binding. Having the agreement reviewed by legal counsel familiar with Chadian business practices is strongly recommended.

Expert Tip: In Chad’s management environment, formal agreements are important but personal relationships remain paramount. Regular video calls with property managers and periodic in-person visits are essential for maintaining quality management. Consider implementing a three-tier oversight system: daily management by local staff, monthly oversight by a trusted regional representative, and quarterly review by the foreign investor. This layered approach provides the necessary checks and balances in a market where formal management infrastructure remains limited.

Exit Options

Exit Process Considerations

When planning your exit from the Chadian market:

1. Exit Preparation:
   • Property documentation organization and verification
   • Resolution of any outstanding legal or tax issues
   • Property improvements targeted to potential buyer needs
   • Financial records organization and verification
   • Corporate structure optimization if applicable
2. Marketing Strategy:
   • Direct outreach to international organizations
   • Networking through diplomatic and business channels
   • Limited formal listing options with agencies
   • Expatriate community communication channels
   • Regional business network utilization
3. Negotiation Approach:
   • Flexibility on terms while maintaining price objectives
   • Cultural consideration in negotiation tactics
   • Phased payment options with security mechanisms
   • Separate negotiations for property components when beneficial
   • Currency denomination strategy for transaction
4. Transaction Security:
   • Notary involvement from early stages
   • Escrow mechanisms where possible
   • Non-refundable deposit structures
   • Conditional clauses with clear triggers
   • Legal representation throughout process
5. Fund Repatriation:
   • Tax clearance documentation
   • Banking channels pre-established
   • Currency conversion timing strategy
   • Compliance with both Chadian and home country regulations
   • Documentation of original investment for authorities

Property sales in Chad typically take 6-18 months from initial marketing to completion, significantly longer than in developed markets. Limited buyer pools and financing challenges contribute to extended timeframes, making advance planning essential.

Market Exit Timing Considerations

Several factors should influence your exit timing decision:

• Political Cycles: Consider timing relative to elections and political transitions, which can significantly impact market stability
• Oil Price Trends: Given Chad’s oil-dependent economy, global oil price trends heavily influence local prosperity and purchasing power
• Currency Considerations: Monitor XAF/USD or XAF/CAD exchange rates for advantageous conversion timing
• International Organization Cycles: Diplomatic and NGO rotation cycles create periodic demand surges, typically aligned with September-October and April-May transitions
• Infrastructure Development: Major infrastructure completions can significantly enhance specific area values
• Regional Security Dynamics: Security improvements or deteriorations in the region directly impact property values and marketability
• Seasonal Factors: Property viewing and transaction activity is highest during the dry season (November-April)
• Tax Considerations: Timing sales relative to tax years in both Chad and home country can optimize positions

The Chadian property market lacks the data transparency to identify definitive market cycles. Successful exits typically result from strategically identifying specific buyer opportunities rather than timing broader market cycles. Maintaining a strong network of contacts in the diplomatic, NGO, and business communities provides the best intelligence on potential exit opportunities.

Expert Tip: In Chad’s limited liquidity market, plan your exit strategy from the moment of purchase. Consider properties with potential appeal to diplomatic missions or international organizations, which represent the most reliable exit market. Properties with features essential to these organizations—robust security systems, backup utilities, spacious grounds, and proximity to international schools—command premium prices and offer the most predictable exit options. For commercial properties, consider future divisibility into smaller units, as smaller commercial spaces often sell more quickly than larger complexes in market downturns.